Big Country Outdoors

Belt Coyote

Yukon: The Essence of Gold Rush

1. Yukon

The Yukon, the vast majority of robust growth, low population density land located above the parallel 60 in northwestern Canada, which shares a border with Alaska and accurate gain self-proclaimed motto "larger than life" is a topographically diverse area, serenely beautiful, sexy and intoxicating arid plains, treeless boreal forests, rugged mountains, glaciers and reflective mirror lakes and rivers inhabited by the first of Canada United Nations people and abundant wildlife. Due to its high latitude, experiences more than 20 hours daylight in the summer, but less than five in the winter, replaced, however, by the northern lights known as the "northern lights". Apart from the big "cities" Most communities only accessible by seaplane or dogsled.

The history of the Yukon is, in essence, the gold rush. unleashed by August 16, 1896 the discovery of a nugget of gold in northwestern Canada at the confluence of the Yukon and Klondike Rivers, which began when about 100,000, looking for wealth and adventure, left in what had been named after the Klondike Gold Rush Trail between 1897 and 1898. The event, which produced a population explosion instantly and ultimately the country, traces its history to five significant places in both the United States and Canada.

The first of them, Seattle, Washington, had served as a gateway to the Yukon. Billed as the "owner of the gold fields, sold supplies and assorted ten feet deep gears in store promenades, raising $ 25 million in sales of the first 1898, and was the starting point for the sea route through Gulf of Alaska to San Miguel, and then down the Yukon River to Dawson City. Despite high fees, which few could afford, all tickets had been exhausted.

Dyea and the Chilkoot Trail, the second place, had a slower pace, more treacherous, alternate route, through the Chilkoot trail 33 miles tide linking Alaska to the heads of Canada's Yukon River.

Skagway, Alaska, the third location, Dyea quickly replaced as the "Gateway the Klondike "because of its more navigable route to White Pass, despite ten miles longer than that of the Chilkoot Trail, had been a 600-foot climb more low. The road quickly destroyed by overuse, ultimately, had been replaced by the White Pass Railroad and Yukon Route whose construction, financed by British investors, was launched in May 1898 and had spread to the White Pass Summit of February 1899, Lake Bennett in July 1899, Whitehorse in July the following year. Skagway had become a clear, field tents dotted-lined streets to stroll sporting wood buildings with 80 rooms within four months between August and December 1897.

At Lake Bennett, the fourth location, 30000 Stampeders awaited the spring thaw, the construction of 7124 whipsawn green wooden boats and the launch of its fleet on May 29, 1898, fighting Whitehorse rapids before following the Yukon River to Dawson City.

Dawson same city, the fifth place, had been the site of the discovery of gold nuggets and first began as a small island between the Yukon and Klondike rivers until now only occupied by the First Nations have, but it exploded in western Canada's largest city of Winnipeg and North Vancouver, with a maximum of 40,000 prospectors who cover an area of ten miles along the river banks. Thirty cords of wood is used to record the axes through the permafrost of their own mines. Of the 4,000 gold was discovered in fact only a few hundred in the final analysis, there was "rich."

2. Whitehorse

Whitehorse, the capital of the Yukon wilderness on the banks of the Yukon River, with a population of 23,000, had been formed by the gold rush and the media transport that was developed to facilitate this. Named for the rapids on the Yukon River, which resembles a flowing mane of white horses charging, the area had served first as a fishing camp Kwanlin Dun First Nations. In 1987, the tent-shaped Canyon City served as headquarters of a horse-drawn tram that for a fee, carried people and goods, especially gold miners, round the treacherous White Horse Rapids on the rails log.

Three years Later, in 1900, tracks from the White Pass and Yukon Route railroad came to town today, the only narrow gauge railroad still operating international organization in North America, and the passengers transferred to large boat service, which completed the journey to Dawson City in the Yukon River.

In 1942, the Army U.S. completed 1534 miles of Alaska Highway in a record eight months, 23 and Whitehorse was incorporated as a city in 1950. Three years later, Dawson is replaced as the capital of the Yukon.

Whitehorse itself is accessible by multiple modes of transportation. Paved roads Alaska, Haines and Klondike facilitate access by road in the territory and Alaska, while the gravel Dempster Highway connects Dawson City to Inuvik above the Arctic Circle in the Territories Northwest. The Alaska Marine Highway and several ships served daily cruises Skagway and Haines, Alaska, during the summer season. The White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad connects Skagway with Fraser and Lake Bennett, British Columbia, with a service that soon spread to Whitehorse. And the Whitehorse Airport offers daily service by Air North Air Canada Jazz, Air First, and the Condor, in Yellowknife, Dawson, Fairbanks, Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary and Frankfurt, Germany. Seaplanes facilitate access remote community.

Whitehorse's history can be traced by its numerous monuments and diverse attractions.

MacBride Museum, for example, toted as "first Yukon museum and placed in a wooden structure with a grass roof, was established in 1951 by historian Bill McBride to explore Yukon history has filled the wildlife in its upper gallery;. "Rivers of Gold", an exhibition that represents Yukon exploration and pleasure mining since 1883, and the people of Yukon First Nations, in its lower gallery, and first-copper mining, blacksmithing, and original Sam McGee, 1899 in a cabin of two outdoor exhibition areas. The other stages contains land used by the White Pass and Yukon route between Whitehorse and Dawson, a 1.895 Northwest Mounted Police Patrol Cabin and Engine number 51, built in 1881 and used in the White Pass and Yukon Route railway seven years later in 1898.

The oldest record of the Museum of the Church, an Anglican cathedral built in 1900, is one of the oldest buildings in Whitehorse and tells the story of first missionaries of the Yukon, including the priest who survived a winter expedition by eating their own boots for a living.

Perhaps the most popular show, and one that serves as a symbol of the city itself, is the SS Klondike National Historic Site of Canada. The largest of the 250 who have crossed sternwheelers Yukon River at 64 meters long and 12.5 meters, was built in 1920 by the British Yukon Navigation Company, a subsidiary of the White Pass and Yukon Railway of the route in the city of Whitehorse itself, and had been an integral part of inland water transport that connects Whitehorse with the rest of the territory and It was thus the first element of its growth.

The design, which traces its lineage back to 1866 when the first steamboat and arrived in Selkirk, the SS Klondike I, with a gross weight of 1,362.5 tons and powered by two 525 hp engines composite jet condenser, had offered a revolutionary hull allowed offer 50 percent more volume load previous settings without sacrificing the instability of shallow draft, allowing it to accommodate more cargo of 300 tonnes for the first time, along with 75 passengers in first class and second. Of its three floors, the first or main headquarters cover the engines, boilers, and the load, the second the living room, communications office, kitchen and terrace, and the third bridge and crew quarters.

Succeeded by dimensionally identical Klondike II after the first ship ran aground in 1936, completing the race of 460 miles downstream from Whitehorse to Dawson in 36 hours with only one or two stops of the replenishment wood, had operated as a cargo ship between 1937 and 1952 and was ultimately turned into a small cruise service until 1955.

The current boat in dry dock in 1930 appears appearance.

The Whitehorse Train Depot, which replaced the originally constructed, but later the fire burned structure, reflecting the typical architecture of Western Canada from the early 20, although alterations have been made during the Second World War and during the project of the Alaska Highway. After regular train service was interrupted in 1982, the Yukon government had bought the building and restored it, the waiting room passengers now reflecting its 1950's heritage.

The Whitehorse Waterfront car, using the narrow gauge White Pass and Yukon railroad tracks and Route parallel to the Yukon River, with stops in Peace Park Rotary, the Tourist Information Center, the White Pass Train Depot, Wood Street, Park and Shipyard Kishwoot station, and Ghost Creek provides an excellent introduction to the city, with a single tram, number 531, for each hour of service return.

The car itself, in its original yellow color scheme, was partly built by JG Brill Company of Philadelphia in 1925 Electric Company to Lisbon, then mounted the kit at his shop in Santo Amaro. Of the 202 cars built there, 24 were car type 531.

531 car had operated in Lisbon until 1976, when that had been acquired for the Lake Superior Museum of Transportation in Duluth, Minnesota, where he until the Yukon government had purchased in 1999. truck, flatbed, through cold and ice, let him reach the White Pass and Yukon engine restoration completed in Whitehorse Road on January 6, 2000.

The two ends of the tram car, with controls at both ends, has two 25 hp General Electric motors and controllers of two K.3, and was designed to operate outside power lines with a utility pole, but the lack of facilities in Whitehorse required the temporary provision of an electrical generator coupled-installed. This 600-volt operation, replacing its original intention of 550 volts, and installation of railway wheels allowing it to run on the White Pass and Yukon 36-inch tracks Railroad route, although it had been designed, with its base original wheel of the truck, to use the narrower, 34.5 inches wide by rail.

Because the body the same standard measurement allows aware of four, two and two-seat sports car varnished oak, mahogany, cherry and interior with the original samples even in Portuguese.

The Whitehorse Rapids fish ladder and hatchery, located five minutes outside the city, was the result of the construction in the late 1950's the Whitehorse Rapids Hydroelectric Fund for Northern Canada Power Commission. Alaska and the Klondike Highway, which links to many communities and avoid the need for the transport system so vital Sternwheeler river, ultimately led to the transfer of capital Whitehorse Yukon from Dawson, and expansion of the population can no longer be supported by the center Method city diesel generator. The construction of the largest hydroelectric capacity, starting in 1956, formed Schwatka lake, and this produces the electricity first of the city two years later, in 1958.

Although the facility has improved the quality of life of the human population, which resulted in harm to the species salmon in the River. Salmon had traveled the Yukon River to spawn thousands of years, laying their eggs in the gravel after the gestation period Winter, born fry in early spring, and feeds and grows in cold, clear waters for up to two years. Pool to the ocean, returned several years later to the exact location of his birth to lay their own eggs and start the process again.

To circumvent the hydroelectric dam new and allows them to continue their life cycles, the world's longest wooden fish ladder, at 366 meters, was built in 1959. Progressively increased by 15 meters from the Yukon River Lake Schwatka allows salmon to pass safely around the dam and continue their migration process.

One hour boat cruise and two in Schwatka lake by name appropriate m / v Schwatka of 28 tons, double deck passenger vessel 40, provides a Whitehorse excellent introduction to desert side and navigate through Miles Canyon, the turbulent "Devil's Punchbowl" and the Yukon River itself.

Several attractions are located along the Alaska Highway, to Two Mile Hill Road.

The Copperbelt Railway and Mining Museum, the first, gives a figure of 1.8 miles of eight red ribbon in your building McIntyre station through the thin forest of pines, with a drop drive line Railroad White Pass and Yukon Route is located in the historic mining district of Whitehorse Copper Belt Its two engines, 10 -. Loke and diesel 20 hp, were manufactured by Jenacher Werks in Austria in 1969 and 1967, respectively.

The Yukon Transportation Museum represents the territory's Gold Rush heritage transport, showing unusual modes of travel related to the north, from the racket to sled dogs to. Plane exhibits include a Canadian Pacific DC-3 mounted on a pedestal outside;. A full size boat, the "Neecheah" and a steam engine inside a car exhibition includes Gasoline Casey, carrying workers on the tracks, a car used by the White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad, a White Pass and Yukon Route railway train set, Ryan Bougham a designated B-1 Queen of the Yukon ", sister ship of Lindbergh's" Spirit of St. Louis, which served as the first commercial aircraft that have operated in the Yukon after your purchase of the San Diego factory Yukon Airways and Exploration, Ltd., in 1927 for $ 10,200.00, dog sledding, a 1927 Chevrolet convertible, a five-cylinder Kinner engine, a Lycoming R-680 engine, a 1965 International Travelall Ambulance, a welded steel frame of a Fairchild FC-2W2, a DGA-1 Smith "Miniplane" homebuilder; BYN a bus from bus lines, military vehicles, including a seven-passenger Dodge Carryall used by the Northwest U.S. Army Command service during construction of the Alcan Highway, and a tram rail record using the parallel records as "tracks."

The Yukon Examines Beringia Beringia Interpretative Center, a sub-continent from the last Ice Age which was located in the Bering Strait and Siberia were covered, Alaska and the Yukon. While the rest of Canada was placed under ice sheets, Beringia itself had been affected by glaciers due to a reduction of 125 meters above the sea, causing the tundra, hard, dry grass had supported a wide variety of herbivores and carnivores.

The woolly mammoth, among them, had been the predecessor of modern Asian elephants and sports museum a complete list of sample size of the largest ever recovered. The short-faced bear, which had been a foot higher than today's grizzly counterpart, was the largest, most powerful land carnivore in North America during the last Ice Age. The museum also features a reconstruction of the 24,000-year-old from Bluefish Cave archaeological site.

The first human inhabitants, following herds of bison and mammoths 24,000 years ago, had migrated from western Canada to the current Beringia.

3. Kluane National Park

One of the four contiguous national and provincial parks, including 21,980 square kilometers Yukon Kluane National Park, 52,600 square miles of Alaska Wrangell-St. Elias National Park of 13,360 square miles of Alaska Glacier Bay National Park and 9,580 square miles of British Columbia, Tatshenshini-Alsek Park Provincial, Kluane National Park itself is topographically diverse, covering huge mountains, valleys, lakes, boreal forest, valley glaciers, and fields ice. Of the two mountain ranges-the Kluane Icefield and sport latter Canada's highest peak, Mount Logan, at 19,545 feet. The largest ice field non-polar in the world, a remnant of the last Ice Age, is also found here.

Of the two types of human and animal populations, the former includes South Tutchone people who had previously lived a nomadic lifestyle, but continue the practice of a culture that is closely revolves around the natural world the second includes grizzly bears, lynx, mountain goats, moose, wolves, black bear, caribou, coyotes, 180 species of birds, and the world's largest concentration of sheep Dall.

Haines Junction, located two hours from Whitehorse via the Alaska Highway and serves as a national park, is year-round, village service comprehensive modern history began in 1942 with the completion of the Alaska Highway at Mile itself 1016. A year later, a branch, by the passage of Chilkat, connected to Haines, Alaska, and Kluane National Park was designated a reserve in 1972.

The few places of interest, always flanked by mountains striking, purple-toned St. Elias, including the Monument of the people, a sculpture of the local fauna, recording eight sides of St. Christopher 'Anglican Church and Our Lady of the Way Catholic Church, which was built in 1954 of an old army shed remaining Alaska Highway project.

The slender omnipresent dark green fir, found during my own tour of the park, lined on both sides of the deserted road Haines, vertical edges of the St. Elias Mountains in Kluane National Park on the right side of purple and green shades of brown velvet at their bases. The silver surface reflects Kathleen Lake between them.

Kluane National Park and the adjacent Wrangell-St. Elias National Monument on the border with the United States had been designated to jointly World Heritage List in 1979. Together, the current properties of a continuous, natural virgin, with a rich variety of vegetation, patterns, and ecosystems.

The first stop on my own unit revealed a pebble beach, which, acting as a threshold, facing the emerald green water of Lake Kathleen, bracketed on either side by tall, silent, fragrant spruce, the same water interface with the green mountain rug on the far side of the seamless transition, taking the eye to the top brown without vegetation, of which the slender "s" of snow still wound, a remnant of winter and the "pause" in the short summer, between the cooling cycle next. Since August was that from was not very far way in these northern latitudes.

Kokanee salmon, which live in the lake water sweet for the first three years of his life, nothing short distance from Lake Sockeye in the fourth year, when he dies. In the decade of 1700, the glacier had Lowell increased across the river in Alaska, blocking their drainage into the Pacific Ocean and thus creating a huge lake. When the dam suddenly burst in 1856, the waters had been released in the flash floods, drainage basin.

Kluane National Park in both sports glaciers ice and rock, the latter formed in cold environments in alpine mountain slopes. During the past 8,000 years, the fragile bedrock broke into fragments by the action of freezing and thawing of winter-summer cycle. lubricated by meltwater and set up a glacier ice core, a continuous mass accumulation Rocky slowly lowers her way down the mountainside, forming the rock glaciers.

The vast blue, deep lake Dezadeash found at another stop, was surrounded by mountains, distance, whose gentle curve, inverted bowl beaks had been reduced to gray and green silhouettes, almost indistinguishable in early pm below the high, unobstructed, bright sun. The sky was a flawless blue.

Klukshu the village, dotted with small cabins wood and a gift shop, had been an important place for many families Aishihik Champagne and especially in the salmon spawning season between June and September when King, sockeye and coho salmon migrating upstream.

4. Conclusion

The Yukon, with its capital of Whitehorse and Kluane National Park wilderness, does offer an interesting route through its Gold Rush heritage and means of transport that was developed to facilitate this.

About the Author

A graduate of Long Island University-C.W. Post Campus with a summa-cum-laude BA Degree in Comparative Languages and Journalism, I have subsequently earned the Continuing Community Education Teaching Certificate from the Nassau Association for Continuing Community Education (NACCE) at Molloy College, the Travel Career Development Certificate from the Institute of Certified Travel Agents (ICTA) at LIU, and the AAS Degree in Aerospace Technology at the State University of New York – College of Technology at Farmingdale. Having amassed almost three decades in the airline industry, I managed the New York-JFK and Washington-Dulles stations at Austrian Airlines, created the North American Station Training Program, served as an Aviation Advisor to Farmingdale State University of New York, and devised and taught the Airline Management Certificate Program at the Long Island Educational Opportunity Center. A freelance author, I have written some 70 books of the short story, novel, nonfiction, essay, poetry, article, log, curriculum, training manual, and textbook genre in English, German, and Spanish, having principally focused on aviation and travel, and I have been published in book, magazine, newsletter, and electronic Web site form. I am a writer for Cole Palen’s Old Rhinebeck Aerodrome in New York. I have made some 350 lifetime trips by air, sea, rail, and road.

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